Question

the following pair of substances (i) and (ii) state which would have a higher rate of reaction and explain (refer to the six factors that affect rate, and explain why that factor affects the rate of reaction) ( /2)
of salt dissolved in a solution of 1m (1 mol/l) hydrochloric acid versus
of salt dissolved in a solution of 0.1m (0.1 mol/l) hydrochloric acid.

Explanation:

Step1: Identify the factor affecting rate

The factor here is concentration (molarity) of the reactant (hydrochloric acid). Higher concentration means more reactant particles per unit volume.

Step2: Compare the two solutions

The first solution is 1M HCl (higher concentration) and the second is 0.1M HCl (lower concentration). For the reaction of salt dissolution (or reaction with HCl, assuming a reaction occurs), a higher concentration of HCl will lead to more frequent collisions between reactant particles (salt and HCl ions/molecules) per unit time.

Step3: Determine the higher rate reaction

Since 1M HCl has a higher concentration than 0.1M HCl, the reaction (dissolution of salt or reaction with HCl) will have a higher rate in the 1M HCl solution. The factor (concentration) affects the rate because according to collision theory, increasing the concentration of a reactant increases the number of reactant particles in a given volume, thus increasing the frequency of effective collisions, which in turn increases the reaction rate.

Answer:

The reaction (dissolution of salt or reaction with HCl) will have a higher rate in the solution of 1M hydrochloric acid. The factor affecting the rate is concentration. A higher concentration (1M vs 0.1M) means more reactant particles (HCl ions/molecules) per unit volume, leading to more frequent effective collisions between reactant particles (salt and HCl), thus increasing the reaction rate (based on collision theory).