Question

ionic bonding 6.1-6.3 test
directions: using a periodic table, fill in the following table.

number of protons (+)

number of electrons (-)

overall charge

symbol and charge

cation (c) anion (a) neutral (n)

----

----

----

----

----

12

10

2+

$mg^{2+}$

c

30

30

a

19

1+

n

$p^{3-}$

c

38

2+

c

8

0

n

35

36

a

55

1+

c

7

3-

a

Explanation:

Step1: Calculate overall charge

Overall charge = (Number of Protons) - (Number of Electrons)

Step2: Identify element from protons

Element = Periodic table match for proton count

Step3: Write symbol with charge

Symbol = Element symbol + overall charge

Step4: Classify as C/A/N

Cation (C): Charge > 0; Anion (A): Charge < 0; Neutral (N): Charge = 0

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Row 2 (30 protons, 30 electrons):

Step1: Find overall charge

$\text{Charge} = 30 - 30 = 0$

Step2: Identify element

30 protons = Zinc (Zn)

Step3: Write symbol

$\text{Zn}$

Step4: Classify

Charge = 0 → Neutral (N)

Row 3 (19 protons, charge 1+):

Step1: Find electron count

$\text{Electrons} = 19 - 1 = 18$

Step2: Identify element

19 protons = Potassium (K)

Step3: Write symbol

$\text{K}^+$

Step4: Classify

Charge > 0 → Cation (C)

Row 4 ($\text{P}^{3-}$):

Step1: Find proton count

15 protons = Phosphorus (P)

Step2: Find electron count

$\text{Electrons} = 15 - (-3) = 18$

Step3: Calculate overall charge

$\text{Charge} = 15 - 18 = 3-$

Step4: Classify

Charge < 0 → Anion (A)

Row 5 (38 protons, charge 2+):

Step1: Find electron count

$\text{Electrons} = 38 - 2 = 36$

Step2: Identify element

38 protons = Strontium (Sr)

Step3: Write symbol

$\text{Sr}^{2+}$

Step4: Classify

Charge > 0 → Cation (C)

Row 6 (8 protons, charge 0):

Step1: Find electron count

$\text{Electrons} = 8 - 0 = 8$

Step2: Identify element

8 protons = Oxygen (O)

Step3: Write symbol

$\text{O}$

Step4: Classify

Charge = 0 → Neutral (N)

Row 7 (35 protons, 36 electrons):

Step1: Find overall charge

$\text{Charge} = 35 - 36 = 1-$

Step2: Identify element

35 protons = Bromine (Br)

Step3: Write symbol

$\text{Br}^-$

Step4: Classify

Charge < 0 → Anion (A)

Row 8 (55 protons, charge 1+):

Step1: Find electron count

$\text{Electrons} = 55 - 1 = 54$

Step2: Identify element

55 protons = Cesium (Cs)

Step3: Write symbol

$\text{Cs}^+$

Step4: Classify

Charge > 0 → Cation (C)

Row 9 (7 protons, charge 3-):

Step1: Find electron count

$\text{Electrons} = 7 - (-3) = 10$

Step2: Identify element

7 protons = Nitrogen (N)

Step3: Write symbol

$\text{N}^{3-}$

Step4: Classify

Charge < 0 → Anion (A)

Answer:

Number of Protons (+)	Number of Electrons (-)	Overall charge	Symbol and Charge	Cation (C) Anion (A) Neutral (N)
30	30	0	$\text{Zn}$	N
19	18	1+	$\text{K}^+$	C
15	18	3-	$\text{P}^{3-}$	A
38	36	2+	$\text{Sr}^{2+}$	C
8	8	0	$\text{O}$	N
35	36	1-	$\text{Br}^-$	A
55	54	1+	$\text{Cs}^+$	C
7	10	3-	$\text{N}^{3-}$	A