Question

1 the major cause of water pollution by industries involves——
toxic chemicals
pathogens
plastics
sediments

Explanation:

Industrial processes often discharge a wide range of harmful man-made substances like heavy metals, solvents, and industrial byproducts. These toxic chemicals are a primary and widespread source of industrial water pollution, as they contaminate water bodies, harm ecosystems, and pose risks to human health far more broadly as a major industrial pollutant compared to the other options.

Answer:

A. toxic chemicals