Question

match the chemical formula with the appropriate model.
methane (ch₄)
methanol (ch₃oh)
ethane (c₂h₆)
propane (c₃h₈)

Explanation:

Step1: Identify methane structure

Methane ($\text{CH}_4$) has 1 C (black) + 4 H (gray) atoms. Matches the second model (1 black central atom bonded to 4 gray atoms).

Step2: Identify methanol structure

Methanol ($\text{CH}_3\text{OH}$) has 1 C, 1 O (red), 4 H atoms. Matches the fourth model (gray C, red O, small light gray H atoms).

Step3: Identify ethane structure

Ethane ($\text{C}_2\text{H}_6$) has 2 C (black) + 6 H (gray) atoms. Matches the third model (two bonded black atoms, each with 3 gray atoms).

Step4: Identify propane structure

Propane ($\text{C}_3\text{H}_8$) has 3 C (black) + 8 H (gray) atoms. Matches the first model (three chained black atoms with 8 total gray atoms).

Answer:

1. methane (CH₄) → Second model (black central atom with 4 gray atoms)
2. methanol (CH₃OH) → Fourth model (gray central atom, red atom, 4 small light gray atoms)
3. ethane (C₂H₆) → Third model (two black atoms connected, each with 3 gray atoms)
4. propane (C₃H₈) → First model (three black atoms in a chain, with 8 gray atoms total)