Question

name ____ class date __
after reading lesson 1.3, answer the following questions.
an experimental approach to science

1. practical alchemy focused on ______
2. alchemists developed processes for separating ____ and purifying ____
3. how did lavoisier help to transform chemistry?

Explanation:

To answer these questions, we can refer to the knowledge of the history of chemistry (a subfield of Natural Science - Chemistry):

Question 1: Practical alchemy focused on

Practical alchemy focused on the pursuit of transforming base metals (like lead) into gold, as well as the search for the "elixir of life" (a substance thought to cure all diseases and grant immortality). Alchemists were interested in these goals through a combination of mystical, philosophical, and early experimental practices.

Question 2: Alchemists developed processes for separating ____ and purifying ____

Alchemists developed processes for separating mixtures (such as separating metals from ores or separating different components of natural substances) and purifying substances (for example, purifying metals to remove impurities or purifying liquids like alcohol or acids). Their work laid early foundations for techniques like distillation, filtration, and crystallization, which are still used in modern chemistry.

Question 3: How did Lavoisier help to transform chemistry?

Antoine Lavoisier helped transform chemistry by:

• Establishing the law of conservation of mass: He showed that in a chemical reaction, matter is neither created nor destroyed (the total mass of reactants equals the total mass of products).
• Developing a systematic naming system for chemicals: This replaced the confusing, often alchemical - based names of substances and helped standardize chemical terminology.
• Focusing on quantitative analysis: He emphasized measuring the masses of reactants and products in reactions, shifting chemistry from a largely qualitative (descriptive) science to a quantitative (measurable) one.
• Disproving the phlogiston theory: The phlogiston theory was a flawed explanation for combustion; Lavoisier’s work with oxygen (he recognized and named oxygen) provided a correct understanding of combustion (oxidation) and other chemical processes.

Answer:

s:

1. The pursuit of transforming base metals into gold and the search for the elixir of life (or similar descriptions of alchemical goals like making medicinal potions, etc.).
2. mixtures; substances (or more specific terms like “metals from ores” for separation and “metals/liquids” for purification, depending on context).
3. By establishing the law of conservation of mass, developing a chemical naming system, emphasizing quantitative analysis, and disproving the phlogiston theory (summarized or in more detail as above).