Question

part b: precipitation reactions

1. define a precipitation reaction in your own words.

1. identify the precipitate in each reaction below.

a) $\text{bacl}_2(\text{aq}) + \text{na}_2\text{so}_4(\text{aq})
ightarrow \text{baso}_4(\text{s}) + 2\text{nacl}(\text{aq})$
precipitate: _______________
b) $\text{pb(no}_3\text{)}_2(\text{aq}) + \text{ki(aq)}
ightarrow \text{pbi}_2(\text{s}) + \text{kno}_3(\text{aq})$
precipitate: _______________

1. balance the following precipitation reaction and include states of matter.

$\text{na}_2\text{co}_3 + \text{cacl}_2
ightarrow \text{caco}_3 + \text{nacl}$
balanced equation: _______________

part c: neutralization reactions

1. what two types of substances react in a neutralization reaction?

1. balance and label the acid, base, salt, and water in each reaction.

a) $\text{hcl} + \text{naoh}
ightarrow \text{nacl} + \text{h}_2\text{o}$
acid: ___ base: _ salt: _ water: ___
b) $\text{hno}_3 + \text{koh}
ightarrow \text{kno}_3 + \text{h}_2\text{o}$
acid: ___ base: _ salt: _ water: ___

part d: balance & classify
balance each equation and identify whether it is precipitation or neutralization.

1. $\text{na}_2\text{so}_4(\text{aq}) + \text{bacl}_2(\text{aq})

ightarrow \text{baso}_4(\text{s}) + \text{nacl(aq)}$
balanced equation: _______________
reaction type: _______________

1. $\text{h}_2\text{so}_4(\text{aq}) + \text{ca(oh)}_2(\text{aq})

ightarrow \text{caso}_4(\text{aq}) + \text{h}_2\text{o(l)}$
balanced equation: _______________
reaction type: _______________

Explanation:

Step1: Define precipitation reaction

A precipitation reaction is a chemical reaction in an aqueous solution where insoluble solid (precipitate) forms from dissolved reactants.

Step2: Identify precipitate (a)

From $\text{BaCl}_2(aq) + \text{Na}_2\text{SO}_4(aq)
ightarrow \text{BaSO}_4(s) + 2\text{NaCl}(aq)$, the solid is $\text{BaSO}_4$.

Step3: Identify precipitate (b)

From $\text{Pb(NO}_3\text{)}_2(aq) + 2\text{KI}(aq)
ightarrow \text{PbI}_2(s) + 2\text{KNO}_3(aq)$, the solid is $\text{PbI}_2$.

Step4: Balance precipitation equation

Balance $\text{Na}_2\text{CO}_3 + \text{CaCl}_2
ightarrow \text{CaCO}_3 + \text{NaCl}$:

$$\text{Na}_2\text{CO}_3(aq) + \text{CaCl}_2(aq) ightarrow \text{CaCO}_3(s) + 2\text{NaCl}(aq)$$

Step5: Identify neutralization reactants

Neutralization reactions occur between an acid and a base.

Step6: Label reaction (a)

For $\text{HCl} + \text{NaOH}
ightarrow \text{NaCl} + \text{H}_2\text{O}$:
Acid: $\text{HCl}$, Base: $\text{NaOH}$, Salt: $\text{NaCl}$, Water: $\text{H}_2\text{O}$

Step7: Label reaction (b)

For $\text{HNO}_3 + \text{KOH}
ightarrow \text{KNO}_3 + \text{H}_2\text{O}$:
Acid: $\text{HNO}_3$, Base: $\text{KOH}$, Salt: $\text{KNO}_3$, Water: $\text{H}_2\text{O}$

Step8: Balance & classify reaction 7

Balance $\text{Na}_2\text{SO}_4(aq) + \text{BaCl}_2(aq)
ightarrow \text{BaSO}_4(s) + \text{NaCl}(aq)$:

$$\text{Na}_2\text{SO}_4(aq) + \text{BaCl}_2(aq) ightarrow \text{BaSO}_4(s) + 2\text{NaCl}(aq)$$

It forms a precipitate, so type is precipitation reaction.

Step9: Balance & classify reaction 8

Balance $\text{H}_2\text{SO}_4(aq) + \text{Ca(OH)}_2(aq)
ightarrow \text{CaSO}_4(aq) + \text{H}_2\text{O}(l)$:

$$\text{H}_2\text{SO}_4(aq) + \text{Ca(OH)}_2(aq) ightarrow \text{CaSO}_4(aq) + 2\text{H}_2\text{O}(l)$$

It is acid-base reaction, so type is neutralization reaction.

Answer:

1. A precipitation reaction is an aqueous chemical reaction where an insoluble solid (precipitate) forms from dissolved ionic reactants.

3.
a) $\text{BaSO}_4$
b) $\text{PbI}_2$

1. $\text{Na}_2\text{CO}_3(aq) + \text{CaCl}_2(aq)

ightarrow \text{CaCO}_3(s) + 2\text{NaCl}(aq)$

1. An acid and a base.

6.
a) Acid: $\text{HCl}$, Base: $\text{NaOH}$, Salt: $\text{NaCl}$, Water: $\text{H}_2\text{O}$
b) Acid: $\text{HNO}_3$, Base: $\text{KOH}$, Salt: $\text{KNO}_3$, Water: $\text{H}_2\text{O}$

1. Balanced equation: $\text{Na}_2\text{SO}_4(aq) + \text{BaCl}_2(aq)

ightarrow \text{BaSO}_4(s) + 2\text{NaCl}(aq)$
Reaction type: Precipitation reaction

1. Balanced equation: $\text{H}_2\text{SO}_4(aq) + \text{Ca(OH)}_2(aq)

ightarrow \text{CaSO}_4(aq) + 2\text{H}_2\text{O}(l)$
Reaction type: Neutralization reaction