Question

part 1: use the notation below to answer the following questions.
12c 13c 14c

1. different versions of the same element, like pictured above, are known as
2. the numbers 12, 13, and 14 refer to the
3. what subatomic particle makes each of these isotopes different?
4. how many does each have of #3?
5. what subatomic particle makes each of these isotopes the same?
6. how many does each have of #5?
7. this form of notation is known as
8. the other form of isotope notation is known as
9. for each isotope, write it in the form listed in #8.

part 2: complete the chart below.
10.

hyphen notation	nuclear notation	atomic #	mass #	# of p⁺	# of n⁰	# of e⁻
	³⁷k	5			5
			11	5
				47	60
	²³⁸u
oxygen - 17
		108			61
		129	52
		19	9

Explanation:

Step1: Recall atomic - structure concepts

Isotopes have the same atomic number (number of protons) but different mass numbers (sum of protons and neutrons). The atomic number determines the element. For a neutral atom, the number of electrons equals the number of protons.

Step2: Fill in the table for Uranium - 235

The hyphen notation is Uranium - 235. The nuclear notation is $^{235}U$. Uranium has an atomic number of 92. So, the number of protons ($p^{+}$) is 92, the number of neutrons ($n^{0}$) is $235 - 92=143$, and for a neutral atom, the number of electrons ($e^{-}$) is 92.
| Hyphen Notation | Nuclear Notation | Atomic # | Mass # | # of $p^{+}$ | # of $n^{0}$ | # of $e^{-}$ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Uranium - 235 | $^{235}U$ | 92 | 235 | 92 | 143 | 92 |

Step3: Fill in the table for the element with atomic number 5

The hyphen notation could be Boron - 10 (assuming a common isotope). The nuclear notation is $^{10}B$. The mass number is 10, the number of protons is 5, the number of neutrons is $10 - 5 = 5$, and the number of electrons is 5.
| Hyphen Notation | Nuclear Notation | Atomic # | Mass # | # of $p^{+}$ | # of $n^{0}$ | # of $e^{-}$ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Boron - 10 | $^{10}B$ | 5 | 10 | 5 | 5 | 5 |

Step4: Fill in the table for $^{37}K$

The hyphen notation is Potassium - 37. Potassium has an atomic number of 19. The mass number is 37, the number of protons is 19, the number of neutrons is $37-19 = 18$, and the number of electrons is 19.
| Hyphen Notation | Nuclear Notation | Atomic # | Mass # | # of $p^{+}$ | # of $n^{0}$ | # of $e^{-}$ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Potassium - 37 | $^{37}K$ | 19 | 37 | 19 | 18 | 19 |

Step5: Fill in the table for the element with 11 protons

The element is Sodium (Na). A common isotope could be Sodium - 22. The hyphen notation is Sodium - 22, the nuclear notation is $^{22}Na$, the atomic number is 11, the mass number is 22, the number of neutrons is $22 - 11=11$, and the number of electrons is 11.
| Hyphen Notation | Nuclear Notation | Atomic # | Mass # | # of $p^{+}$ | # of $n^{0}$ | # of $e^{-}$ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sodium - 22 | $^{22}Na$ | 11 | 22 | 11 | 11 | 11 |

Step6: Fill in the table for the element with 47 protons

The element is Silver (Ag). If the number of neutrons is 60, the mass number is $47+60 = 107$. The hyphen notation is Silver - 107, the nuclear notation is $^{107}Ag$, the atomic number is 47, and the number of electrons is 47.
| Hyphen Notation | Nuclear Notation | Atomic # | Mass # | # of $p^{+}$ | # of $n^{0}$ | # of $e^{-}$ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Silver - 107 | $^{107}Ag$ | 47 | 107 | 47 | 60 | 47 |

Step7: Fill in the table for $^{238}U$

The hyphen notation is Uranium - 238. The atomic number of Uranium is 92. The mass number is 238, the number of protons is 92, the number of neutrons is $238 - 92=146$, and the number of electrons is 92.
| Hyphen Notation | Nuclear Notation | Atomic # | Mass # | # of $p^{+}$ | # of $n^{0}$ | # of $e^{-}$ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Uranium - 238 | $^{238}U$ | 92 | 238 | 92 | 146 | 92 |

Step8: Fill in the table for Oxygen - 17

The nuclear notation is $^{17}O$. Oxygen has an atomic number of 8. The mass number is 17, the number of protons is 8, the number of neutrons is $17 - 8=9$, and the number of electrons is 8.
| Hyphen Notation | Nuclear Notation | Atomic # | Mass # | # of $p^{+}$ | # of $n^{0}$ | # of $e^{-}$ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Oxygen - 17 | $^{17}O$ | 8 | 17 | 8 | 9 | 8 |

Step9: Fill in the table for the element with mass number 108 and 61 neutrons

The number of protons is $108 - 61=47$ (Silver, Ag). The hyphen notation is Silver - 108, the nuclear notation is $^{108}Ag$, the atomic number is 47, and the number of electrons is 47.
| Hyphen Notation | Nuclear Notation | Atomic # | Mass # | # of $p^{+}$ | # of $n^{0}$ | # of $e^{-}$ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Silver - 108 | $^{108}Ag$ | 47 | 108 | 47 | 61 | 47 |

Step10: Fill in the table for the element with mass number 129 and 52 protons

The element is Tellurium (Te). The hyphen notation is Tellurium - 129, the nuclear notation is $^{129}Te$, the number of neutrons is $129 - 52 = 77$, and the number of electrons is 52.
| Hyphen Notation | Nuclear Notation | Atomic # | Mass # | # of $p^{+}$ | # of $n^{0}$ | # of $e^{-}$ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tellurium - 129 | $^{129}Te$ | 52 | 129 | 52 | 77 | 52 |

Step11: Fill in the table for the element with mass number 19 and 9 neutrons

The number of protons is $19 - 9 = 10$ (Neon, Ne). The hyphen notation is Neon - 19, the nuclear notation is $^{19}Ne$, the atomic number is 10, and the number of electrons is 10.
| Hyphen Notation | Nuclear Notation | Atomic # | Mass # | # of $p^{+}$ | # of $n^{0}$ | # of $e^{-}$ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Neon - 19 | $^{19}Ne$ | 10 | 19 | 10 | 9 | 10 |

Answer:

Hyphen Notation	Nuclear Notation	Atomic #	Mass #	# of $p^{+}$	# of $n^{0}$	# of $e^{-}$
Boron - 10	$^{10}B$	5	10	5	5	5
Potassium - 37	$^{37}K$	19	37	19	18	19
Sodium - 22	$^{22}Na$	11	22	11	11	11
Silver - 107	$^{107}Ag$	47	107	47	60	47
Uranium - 238	$^{238}U$	92	238	92	146	92
Oxygen - 17	$^{17}O$	8	17	8	9	8
Silver - 108	$^{108}Ag$	47	108	47	61	47
Tellurium - 129	$^{129}Te$	52	129	52	77	52
Neon - 19	$^{19}Ne$	10	19	10	9	10