Question

practice: predicting products of chemical reactions
use your knowledge of the types of chemical reactions and of bond formation in compounds to complete each reaction below. after, balance the equation if needed. show all work for balancing on a separate sheet of paper. place coefficient final answers in the blanks provided. you can leave coefficients of \1\ blank.
part 1: synthesis reactions

1. _ na + _ o₂ →
2. _ mg + _ f₂ →
3. _ na + _ cl₂ →
4. _ al + _ s →
5. _ ca + _ p →

part 2: decomposition reactions (hint: oxygen is always o₂ on its own, and metals tend to stand alone.)

1. ___ hgo →
2. ___ al₂o₃ →

part 3: single replacement reactions (hint: like elements always switch!)

1. _ al + _ niso₄ →
2. _ f₂ + _ nacl →

part 4: double replacement reactions

1. _ koh + _ nacl →
2. _ bacl₂ + _ na₃po₄ →
3. _ agno₃ + _ cacl₂ →

part 5: combustion reactions

1. _ ch₄ + _ o₂ →
2. _ c₂h₂ + _ o₂ →

Explanation:

Step1: Identify synthesis reaction rules

Synthesis reactions combine elements to form compounds. For metal - non - metal reactions, we form ionic compounds.

1. \(4Na+O_2

ightarrow2Na_2O\)

1. \(Mg + F_2

ightarrow MgF_2\)

1. \(2Na+Cl_2

ightarrow2NaCl\)

1. \(2Al + 3S

ightarrow Al_2S_3\)

1. \(3Ca+2P

ightarrow Ca_3P_2\)

Step2: Identify decomposition reaction rules

Decomposition reactions break a compound into its elements or simpler compounds.

1. \(2HgO

ightarrow2Hg + O_2\)

1. \(2Al_2O_3

ightarrow4Al+3O_2\)

Step3: Identify single - replacement reaction rules

In single - replacement reactions, a more reactive element replaces a less reactive element in a compound.

1. \(2Al + 3NiSO_4

ightarrow Al_2(SO_4)_3+3Ni\)

1. \(F_2 + 2NaCl

ightarrow2NaF+Cl_2\)

Step4: Identify double - replacement reaction rules

In double - replacement reactions, the cations and anions of two compounds switch places.

1. \(KOH+NaCl

ightarrow KCl + NaOH\) (no precipitate, gas or water formed, so it's often considered no reaction in practice)

1. \(3BaCl_2+2Na_3PO_4

ightarrow Ba_3(PO_4)_2\downarrow + 6NaCl\)

1. \(2AgNO_3+CaCl_2

ightarrow2AgCl\downarrow+Ca(NO_3)_2\)

Step5: Identify combustion reaction rules

Hydrocarbon combustion reactions produce carbon dioxide and water.

1. \(CH_4 + 2O_2

ightarrow CO_2+2H_2O\)

1. \(2C_2H_2+5O_2

ightarrow4CO_2 + 2H_2O\)

Answer:

1. \(4Na+O_2

ightarrow2Na_2O\)

1. \(Mg + F_2

ightarrow MgF_2\)

1. \(2Na+Cl_2

ightarrow2NaCl\)

1. \(2Al + 3S

ightarrow Al_2S_3\)

1. \(3Ca+2P

ightarrow Ca_3P_2\)

1. \(2HgO

ightarrow2Hg + O_2\)

1. \(2Al_2O_3

ightarrow4Al+3O_2\)

1. \(2Al + 3NiSO_4

ightarrow Al_2(SO_4)_3+3Ni\)

1. \(F_2 + 2NaCl

ightarrow2NaF+Cl_2\)

1. \(KOH+NaCl

ightarrow KCl + NaOH\) (no real - world reaction in most cases)

1. \(3BaCl_2+2Na_3PO_4

ightarrow Ba_3(PO_4)_2\downarrow + 6NaCl\)

1. \(2AgNO_3+CaCl_2

ightarrow2AgCl\downarrow+Ca(NO_3)_2\)

1. \(CH_4 + 2O_2

ightarrow CO_2+2H_2O\)

1. \(2C_2H_2+5O_2

ightarrow4CO_2 + 2H_2O\)