Question

select all that apply
which of the following methods are used to sterilize instruments and equipment?

• disinfection
• autoclaving
• sanitization
• chemical (cold) processes

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Explanation:

• Disinfection: Reduces microbes but not all pathogens/spores, not sterilization.
• Autoclaving: Uses high - pressure steam, kills all microbes including spores, is a sterilization method.
• Sanitization: Reduces microbial count to safe levels, not sterilization.
• Chemical (cold) processes: Some chemical agents can sterilize (e.g., glutaraldehyde for heat - sensitive items), killing all microbes including spores.

Answer:

B. Autoclaving, D. Chemical (cold) processes