Question

select the correct statement below regarding actual versus theoretical yield of a reaction. theoretical yield is the amount of product physically collected after a reaction. theoretical yield is the amount of product predicted by the balanced chemical reaction when all of a reactant has reacted. actual yield is the amount of product predicted by the balanced chemical reaction when all of a reactant has reacted. actual yield is the amount of reactant physically collected after a reaction.

Explanation:

To determine the correct statement, we analyze the definitions of theoretical and actual yield:

• Theoretical yield is the maximum amount of product predicted by stoichiometry (using a balanced chemical equation) when all reactants react completely.
• Actual yield is the amount of product physically collected (isolated) from a reaction, which is often less than the theoretical yield due to side reactions, incomplete reactions, or losses during purification.

Now, evaluate each option:

• First option: Incorrect. Theoretical yield is not the "physically collected" amount (that is actual yield).
• Second option: Correct. This matches the definition of theoretical yield (predicted by stoichiometry when all reactant is consumed).
• Third option: Incorrect. Actual yield is not the "predicted" amount (theoretical yield is predicted).
• Fourth option: Incorrect. Actual yield refers to product (not reactant) collected.

Answer:

The correct statement is: "Theoretical yield is the amount of product predicted by the balanced chemical reaction when all of a reactant has reacted." (The second option in the list of choices.)