Question

which factor contributes to both chemical and mechanical weathering?
abrasion
freezing
oxidation
water

Explanation:

Water is involved in chemical weathering as it can dissolve minerals and participate in chemical reactions like hydrolysis. In mechanical weathering, water can seep into cracks, freeze and expand (freeze - thaw weathering), causing rocks to break apart. Abrasion is only mechanical, freezing is mainly mechanical, and oxidation is a chemical process not contributing to mechanical weathering in the same way as water.

Answer:

water