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Question
write formulas for the following: nitric acid chloric acid acetic acid hydrobromic acid sulfurous acid chlorous acid hydrochloric acid phosphoric acid nitrous acid hydrofluoric acid hypochlorous acid hydroiodic acid phosphorous acid carbonic acid perchloric acid permanganic acid sulfuric acid hydrocyanic acid
Step1: Recall acid - naming rules
Acids are generally composed of hydrogen and an anion. For binary acids (hydro - prefix), the formula is $HX$ where $X$ is a non - metal. For oxyacids, the formula depends on the polyatomic anion.
Step2: Write formulas for each acid
- Nitric acid: The nitrate ion is $NO_3^-$, so the acid formula is $HNO_3$.
- Chloric acid: The chlorate ion is $ClO_3^-$, so the acid formula is $HClO_3$.
- Acetic acid: The acetate ion is $CH_3COO^-$, so the acid formula is $CH_3COOH$.
- Hydrobromic acid: A binary acid with bromine, formula is $HBr$.
- Sulfurous acid: The sulfite ion is $SO_3^{2 - }$, so the acid formula is $H_2SO_3$.
- Chlorous acid: The chlorite ion is $ClO_2^-$, so the acid formula is $HClO_2$.
- Hydrochloric acid: A binary acid with chlorine, formula is $HCl$.
- Phosphoric acid: The phosphate ion is $PO_4^{3 - }$, so the acid formula is $H_3PO_4$.
- Nitrous acid: The nitrite ion is $NO_2^-$, so the acid formula is $HNO_2$.
- Hydrofluoric acid: A binary acid with fluorine, formula is $HF$.
- Hypochlorous acid: The hypochlorite ion is $ClO^-$, so the acid formula is $HClO$.
- Hydroiodic acid: A binary acid with iodine, formula is $HI$.
- Phosphorous acid: The phosphite ion is $HPO_3^{2 - }$, so the acid formula is $H_3PO_3$.
- Carbonic acid: The carbonate ion is $CO_3^{2 - }$, so the acid formula is $H_2CO_3$.
- Perchloric acid: The perchlorate ion is $ClO_4^-$, so the acid formula is $HClO_4$.
- Permanganic acid: The permanganate ion is $MnO_4^-$, so the acid formula is $HMnO_4$.
- Sulfuric acid: The sulfate ion is $SO_4^{2 - }$, so the acid formula is $H_2SO_4$.
- Hydrocyanic acid: The cyanide ion is $CN^-$, so the acid formula is $HCN$.
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| Acid Name | Formula |
|---|---|
| Chloric acid | $HClO_3$ |
| Acetic acid | $CH_3COOH$ |
| Hydrobromic acid | $HBr$ |
| Sulfurous acid | $H_2SO_3$ |
| Chlorous acid | $HClO_2$ |
| Hydrochloric acid | $HCl$ |
| Phosphoric acid | $H_3PO_4$ |
| Nitrous acid | $HNO_2$ |
| Hydrofluoric acid | $HF$ |
| Hypochlorous acid | $HClO$ |
| Hydroiodic acid | $HI$ |
| Phosphorous acid | $H_3PO_3$ |
| Carbonic acid | $H_2CO_3$ |
| Perchloric acid | $HClO_4$ |
| Permanganic acid | $HMnO_4$ |
| Sulfuric acid | $H_2SO_4$ |
| Hydrocyanic acid | $HCN$ |