10) list 2 types of passive transport.
11) a) the movement of a substance from a high concentration to where there is a low concentration is ________. (active or passive)
b) ________ is movement of water across a cell’s membrane. (active or passive)
c) ____________________ is the movement of a substance across a cell’s membrane with “help” from proteins. (active or passive)
12) a. how does the concentration of dissolved substances of an isotonic solution compare to the concentration of dissolved substances inside the cell? in an isotonic solution, the concentrations are equal.
b. what about in a hypotonic solution? there is a higher concentration of solutes inside the cell than on the outside.
c. what about in a hypertonic solution? there is a higher concentration of solutes in the solution outside the cell.
13) describe what happens to plant and animal cells in each of the solutions below (stays the same, shrink, expand).
| | hypotonic | isotonic | hypertonic |
| plant | swell ____________ | stay the same | |
| animal | swell & ____________ | stay the same | |
(images of animal and plant cells in isotonic, hypotonic, and hypertonic solutions: animal cell - (1) normal in isotonic, (2) lysed (hemolysis) in hypotonic, (3) shriveled (crenation) in hypertonic; plant cell - (4) flaccid in isotonic, (5) turgid in hypotonic, (6) shriveled (plasmolysis) in hypertonic)

Question

10) list 2 types of passive transport.
11) a) the movement of a substance from a high concentration to where there is a low concentration is ________. (active or passive)
b) ________ is movement of water across a cell’s membrane. (active or passive)
c) ____________________ is the movement of a substance across a cell’s membrane with “help” from proteins. (active or passive)
12) a. how does the concentration of dissolved substances of an isotonic solution compare to the concentration of dissolved substances inside the cell? in an isotonic solution, the concentrations are equal.
b. what about in a hypotonic solution? there is a higher concentration of solutes inside the cell than on the outside.
c. what about in a hypertonic solution? there is a higher concentration of solutes in the solution outside the cell.
13) describe what happens to plant and animal cells in each of the solutions below (stays the same, shrink, expand).
| | hypotonic | isotonic | hypertonic |
| plant | swell ____________ | stay the same |  |
| animal | swell & ____________ | stay the same |  |
(images of animal and plant cells in isotonic, hypotonic, and hypertonic solutions: animal cell - (1) normal in isotonic, (2) lysed (hemolysis) in hypotonic, (3) shriveled (crenation) in hypertonic; plant cell - (4) flaccid in isotonic, (5) turgid in hypotonic, (6) shriveled (plasmolysis) in hypertonic)

Accepted Answer

### Question 10:
# Brief Explanations:
Passive transport moves substances without energy. Diffusion (movement of solutes) and osmosis (movement of water) are two types.
# Answer:
Two types of passive transport are diffusion and osmosis.

### Question 11:
#### Part A:
# Brief Explanations:
Movement from high to low concentration (down concentration gradient) is passive transport (no energy needed). Active transport requires energy (low to high).
# Answer:
passive

#### Part B:
# Brief Explanations:
Osmosis is the specific term for water moving across a semipermeable membrane (cell membrane), and it’s passive (no energy, follows concentration gradient of water).
# Answer:
Osmosis; passive

#### Part C:
# Brief Explanations:
Facilitated diffusion uses protein channels/carriers to move substances down their concentration gradient (passive, no energy). Active transport with proteins would be against gradient (needs energy), but here “help” from proteins for down - gradient is facilitated diffusion.
# Answer:
Facilitated diffusion; passive

### Question 13:
#### Plant Cells:
- **Hypotonic**: Plant cells have a cell wall. In a hypotonic solution, water enters the cell. The vacuole swells, and the cell becomes turgid (the cell wall prevents bursting, so it swells/turgid).
- **Hypertonic**: In a hypertonic solution, water leaves the plant cell. The vacuole shrinks, and the cell membrane pulls away from the cell wall (plasmolysis), so the cell shrinks.

#### Animal Cells:
- **Hypotonic**: Animal cells have no cell wall. In a hypotonic solution, water enters the cell, causing it to swell and eventually lyse (burst) because there’s no structure to limit expansion.
- **Hypertonic**: In a hypertonic solution, water leaves the animal cell, so it shrinks (crenation).

# Brief Explanations:
- For plant cells in hypotonic: The cell wall allows swelling (turgid) without bursting. In hypertonic, water loss causes plasmolysis (shrink).
- For animal cells in hypotonic: No cell wall, so swelling leads to lysis (burst). In hypertonic, water loss causes crenation (shrink).
# Answer:
|          | Hypotonic       | Isotonic       | Hypertonic     |
|----------|-----------------|----------------|----------------|
| Plant    | Swell (turgid)  | Stay the same  | Shrink (plasmolysis) |
| Animal   | Swell & lyse (burst) | Stay the same  | Shrink (crenation) |

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QUESTION IMAGE

Question

Explanation:

Question 10:

Answer:

Question 11:

Part A:

	hypotonic	isotonic	hypertonic
plant	swell ____________	stay the same
animal	swell & ____________	stay the same