Question

question 2. in a molecule of water (h₂o), each hydrogen atom forms a single covalent bond by sharing one electron with the oxygen atom. this sharing of electrons allows each atom to satisfy the rule, which means having a full outer shell of electrons.

Explanation:

In chemistry (a subfield of Natural Science), the octet rule (or duet rule for hydrogen) states that atoms tend to gain, lose, or share electrons to achieve a full outer electron shell (8 electrons for most, 2 for hydrogen like in H₂O). In H₂O, H shares one electron (achieving 2 in outer shell, duet) and O shares two (achieving 8, octet), so the rule here is the octet (or duet for H, but octet is the general term for this concept in bonding).

Answer:

octet (or duet, but octet is the standard rule referenced here for electron shell filling in covalent bonding, with hydrogen following a duet variation under the broader octet rule concept)