Question

name
class
date
solubility curve
classify the following solutions as to supersaturated, saturated, or unsaturated
based on the graph and information below
solubilities as a function of temperature

amount of
solute in grams\tamount of
solvent
(g h₂o)\ttemperature
(°c)\tsolution
(supersaturated, saturated,
unsaturated)

1. 40 g nacl\t100 g\t90\t
2. 31 g kcl\t100 g\t10\t
3. 20 g kclo₃\t100 g\t70\t
4. 80 g cacl₂\t100 g\t15\t
5. 72 g nacl\t200 g\t20\t
6. 40 g ce₂(so₄)₃\t300 g\t10\t
7. 150 g cacl₂\t200 g\t25\t
8. 130 g kcl\t200 g\t80\t
9. 48 g kclo₃\t300 g\t50\t
10. 10 g ce₂(so₄)₃\t200 g\t45\t

Explanation:

To solve this, we analyze each solution by comparing the amount of solute to the solubility (from the curve) at the given temperature. A solution is:

• Unsaturated: Solute < Solubility
• Saturated: Solute = Solubility
• Supersaturated: Solute > Solubility (rare, often from cooling a saturated solution)

1. 40 g NaCl, 100 g H₂O, 90°C

• From the curve, NaCl solubility at 90°C ≈ 40 g/100 g H₂O.
• 40 g (solute) = 40 g (solubility).
• Classification: Saturated

2. 31 g KCl, 100 g H₂O, 10°C

• KCl solubility at 10°C ≈ 30 g/100 g H₂O.
• 31 g (solute) > 30 g (solubility).
• Classification: Supersaturated

3. 20 g KClO₃, 100 g H₂O, 70°C

• KClO₃ solubility at 70°C ≈ 30 g/100 g H₂O.
• 20 g (solute) < 30 g (solubility).
• Classification: Unsaturated

4. 80 g CaCl₂, 100 g H₂O, 15°C

• CaCl₂ solubility at 15°C ≈ 80 g/100 g H₂O (curve shows ~80 g at 15°C).
• 80 g (solute) = 80 g (solubility).
• Classification: Saturated

5. 72 g NaCl, 200 g H₂O, 20°C

• NaCl solubility at 20°C ≈ 36 g/100 g H₂O. For 200 g H₂O, solubility = \( 36 \times 2 = 72 \) g.
• 72 g (solute) = 72 g (solubility).
• Classification: Saturated

6. 40 g Ce₂(SO₄)₃, 300 g H₂O, 10°C

• Ce₂(SO₄)₃ solubility at 10°C ≈ 5 g/100 g H₂O. For 300 g H₂O, solubility = \( 5 \times 3 = 15 \) g.
• 40 g (solute) > 15 g (solubility).
• Classification: Supersaturated

7. 150 g CaCl₂, 200 g H₂O, 25°C

• CaCl₂ solubility at 25°C ≈ 80 g/100 g H₂O. For 200 g H₂O, solubility = \( 80 \times 2 = 160 \) g.
• 150 g (solute) < 160 g (solubility).
• Classification: Unsaturated

8. 130 g KCl, 200 g H₂O, 80°C

• KCl solubility at 80°C ≈ 50 g/100 g H₂O. For 200 g H₂O, solubility = \( 50 \times 2 = 100 \) g.
• 130 g (solute) > 100 g (solubility).
• Classification: Supersaturated

9. 48 g KClO₃, 300 g H₂O, 50°C

• KClO₃ solubility at 50°C ≈ 20 g/100 g H₂O. For 300 g H₂O, solubility = \( 20 \times 3 = 60 \) g.
• 48 g (solute) < 60 g (solubility).
• Classification: Unsaturated

10. 10 g Ce₂(SO₄)₃, 200 g H₂O, 45°C

• Ce₂(SO₄)₃ solubility at 45°C ≈ 5 g/100 g H₂O. For 200 g H₂O, solubility = \( 5 \times 2 = 10 \) g.
• 10 g (solute) = 10 g (solubility).
• Classification: Saturated

Final Answers:

1. Saturated
2. Supersaturated
3. Unsaturated
4. Saturated
5. Saturated
6. Supersaturated
7. Unsaturated
8. Supersaturated
9. Unsaturated
10. Saturated

Answer:

To solve this, we analyze each solution by comparing the amount of solute to the solubility (from the curve) at the given temperature. A solution is:

• Unsaturated: Solute < Solubility
• Saturated: Solute = Solubility
• Supersaturated: Solute > Solubility (rare, often from cooling a saturated solution)

1. 40 g NaCl, 100 g H₂O, 90°C

• From the curve, NaCl solubility at 90°C ≈ 40 g/100 g H₂O.
• 40 g (solute) = 40 g (solubility).
• Classification: Saturated

2. 31 g KCl, 100 g H₂O, 10°C

• KCl solubility at 10°C ≈ 30 g/100 g H₂O.
• 31 g (solute) > 30 g (solubility).
• Classification: Supersaturated

3. 20 g KClO₃, 100 g H₂O, 70°C

• KClO₃ solubility at 70°C ≈ 30 g/100 g H₂O.
• 20 g (solute) < 30 g (solubility).
• Classification: Unsaturated

4. 80 g CaCl₂, 100 g H₂O, 15°C

• CaCl₂ solubility at 15°C ≈ 80 g/100 g H₂O (curve shows ~80 g at 15°C).
• 80 g (solute) = 80 g (solubility).
• Classification: Saturated

5. 72 g NaCl, 200 g H₂O, 20°C

• NaCl solubility at 20°C ≈ 36 g/100 g H₂O. For 200 g H₂O, solubility = \( 36 \times 2 = 72 \) g.
• 72 g (solute) = 72 g (solubility).
• Classification: Saturated

6. 40 g Ce₂(SO₄)₃, 300 g H₂O, 10°C

• Ce₂(SO₄)₃ solubility at 10°C ≈ 5 g/100 g H₂O. For 300 g H₂O, solubility = \( 5 \times 3 = 15 \) g.
• 40 g (solute) > 15 g (solubility).
• Classification: Supersaturated

7. 150 g CaCl₂, 200 g H₂O, 25°C

• CaCl₂ solubility at 25°C ≈ 80 g/100 g H₂O. For 200 g H₂O, solubility = \( 80 \times 2 = 160 \) g.
• 150 g (solute) < 160 g (solubility).
• Classification: Unsaturated

8. 130 g KCl, 200 g H₂O, 80°C

• KCl solubility at 80°C ≈ 50 g/100 g H₂O. For 200 g H₂O, solubility = \( 50 \times 2 = 100 \) g.
• 130 g (solute) > 100 g (solubility).
• Classification: Supersaturated

9. 48 g KClO₃, 300 g H₂O, 50°C

• KClO₃ solubility at 50°C ≈ 20 g/100 g H₂O. For 300 g H₂O, solubility = \( 20 \times 3 = 60 \) g.
• 48 g (solute) < 60 g (solubility).
• Classification: Unsaturated

10. 10 g Ce₂(SO₄)₃, 200 g H₂O, 45°C

• Ce₂(SO₄)₃ solubility at 45°C ≈ 5 g/100 g H₂O. For 200 g H₂O, solubility = \( 5 \times 2 = 10 \) g.
• 10 g (solute) = 10 g (solubility).
• Classification: Saturated

Final Answers:

1. Saturated
2. Supersaturated
3. Unsaturated
4. Saturated
5. Saturated
6. Supersaturated
7. Unsaturated
8. Supersaturated
9. Unsaturated
10. Saturated